Anatole France, 1910. Photo: Bain News Service, publisher/Library of Congress. Public Domain.
Anatole France, 1910. Photo: Bain News Service, publisher/Library of Congress. Public Domain. Source: Wikimedia Commons.

Socialistisk Biblioteks Tidslinje med links til begivenheder og personer i 1844.

Se også Index over personer, organisationer/partier og værker (som bøger, malerier, mm.), steder, begivenheder, mv., der er omtalt på hele Tidslinjen, titler og indhold på emnelisterne osv.

 

Caricature of Anatole France. Caption read "The Greatest Living Frenchman". Accompanying biography in Vanity Fair read "His French was at once acknowledged to be finer than Renan's; as easy and as polished as the elder master; even more rhythmic and shot through with delicious irony.... and curiously perfect literary treatment.... Anatole France is the greatest of living Frenchmen - the greatest writer in Christendom today". Original pastel, watercolour and bodycolour. Published in Vanity Fair, 11 August 1909. Downloaded from Christie's. Artist: Jean Baptiste Guth (1855–1922). Public Domain.
Caricature of Anatole France. Caption read “The Greatest Living Frenchman”. Accompanying biography in Vanity Fair read “His French was at once acknowledged to be finer than Renan’s; as easy and as polished as the elder master; even more rhythmic and shot through with delicious irony…. and curiously perfect literary treatment…. Anatole France is the greatest of living Frenchmen – the greatest writer in Christendom today”. Original pastel, watercolour and bodycolour. Published in Vanity Fair, 11 August 1909. Downloaded from Christie’s. Artist: Jean Baptiste Guth (1855–1922). Public Domain. Source: Wikimedia Commons.

4. april 1844

Den franske sociale forfatter Anatole France fødes i Paris (dør 12. oktober 1924 i Saint-Cyr-sur-Loire ved Tours). Nobelprisen i litteratur 1921. Med i gruppen omkring Clarté.
Kendes bl.a. for citatet: “I sin majestætiske retfærdighed forbyder loven både rige og fattige at sove under broer, tigge på gaden og stjæle brød.”

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15. juni 1844

Den britiske venstrefløj- og valgretsaktivist, suffragette og socialfilantrop, forfatteren Charlotte Despard fødes i Ripple Vale, Kent, England. (Dør 10. november 1939 i Dublin, Irland).
” … involved in the SDF, the ILP, the WSPU, the Women’s Peace Crusade, Sinn Fein and the Communist Party of Ireland.” Delegeret på Anden Internationales kvindekonference 1910 i København (Jagtvej 69), hvor kvindernes internationale kampdag – og forholdet til suffragetterne blev vedtaget, og hvor hun kom i mindretal. (Se International Women’s Day (March 8) på Marxists.org).

Charlotte Despard and Emmeline Pethick Lawrence buying vegetables from a produce stall; manuscript inscriptions on reverse 'Mrs Pethick Lawrence & Mrs Despard (1930s). Photo: The Women's Library collection/Library of the London School of Economics and Political Science. No known copyright restrictions.
Charlotte Despard and Emmeline Pethick Lawrence buying vegetables from a produce stall; manuscript inscriptions on reverse ‘Mrs Pethick Lawrence & Mrs Despard (1930s). Photo: The Women’s Library collection/Library of the London School of Economics and Political Science. No known copyright restrictions. Source: Wikimedia Commons.

Links:

Charlotte Despard (1844-1939) – Fra lady til kommunist. Af Margit Andersen (Arbejderen.dk, 8. marts 2019). “Hun blev født i en engelsk officersfamilie, giftede sig med en rig finansmand, men Charlotte Despards lange liv skulle blive tæt forbundet med de sociale og politiske bevægelser fra den sene Victoria-tid og frem til Den Anden Verdenskrig.”

Charlotte Despard, a rebel from age 46 to 95. By Jill Mountford (Solidarity & Workers’ Liberty, Issue 633, 4 May 2022). “Charlotte Despard is a familiar name to anyone who has paid much attention to the magnificent struggle for votes for women. Less known than the publicity-seeking, autocratic leadership of the Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU), Despard should spark curiosity, inspire and be much admired for her fight for democracy and against the dictatorial leadership in the WSPU of Emmeline and Christabel Pankhurst.”
See Part 2: Charlotte Despard in Ireland in the 1920s (Ibid., Issue 634, 10 May) + Part 3: “I have always believed in discontent” (Ibid., Issue 636, 25 May).

Suffragist Charlotte Despard celebrated (pdf) (Batterse Matters, Summer 2018, p.1 + 13). Lokalavis’ omtale af aktiviter til minde om Charlotte Despard (inkl. demo og kager!).

Meeting of Women's Social and Political Union, Flora Drummond, Christabel Pankhurst, Annie Kenney, Emmeline Pankhurst, Charlotte Despard with two others, working round a kitchen table; printed inscription on reverse 'Barratt's Photo Press Agency, 8 Salisbury Ct, Fleet St, EC'. Photo: The Women's Library collection/Library of the London School of Economics and Political Science. No known copyright restrictions.
Meeting of Women’s Social and Political Union, Flora Drummond, Christabel Pankhurst, Annie Kenney, Emmeline Pankhurst, Charlotte Despard with two others, working round a kitchen table; printed inscription on reverse ‘Barratt’s Photo Press Agency, 8 Salisbury Ct, Fleet St, EC’. Photo: The Women’s Library collection/Library of the London School of Economics and Political Science. No known copyright restrictions. Source: Wikimedia Commons.

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How the working class vote was won. By Judy Cox (International Socialism, Issue 158, Spring 2018). “Another key figure was Charlotte Despard, a friend of Lansbury and a member of the Social Democratic Federation then the ILP.”

 

15. oktober 1844

Drawing of Friedrich Nietzsche by Hans Olde (1855–1917). First appeared in the German magazine "Pan", no. 4 of the fifth year (1899/1900), ca. page 233. Reproduction of a reproduction on a book cover. (1855–1917). Public Domain.
Drawing of Friedrich Nietzsche by Hans Olde (1855–1917). First appeared in the German magazine “Pan”, no. 4 of the fifth year (1899/1900), ca. page 233. Reproduction of a reproduction on a book cover. (1855–1917). Public Domain. Source: Wikimedia Commons.

Den tyske filosof Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche fødes i Röcken ved Lützen, (dør 25. august 1900 i Weimar).

Se:

  • Wikipedia: Friedrich Nietzsche (Wikipedia.dk). Danske artikel + engelske + tyske
  • Friedrich Nietzsche (Marxists Internet Archive; Reference Writers). Biography + enkelte værker.
  • Den sene Nietzsches kultursyn – om den forsvundne Nietzsche. Af Søren R. Fauth og Børge Kristiansen (Klim, 2023, 282 s.)

‘Den gode europén’: om det svenska Nietzsche-mottagandet (pdf). Av David Brolin (Häften för Kritiska Studier, nr.3-4, 2003; online på Marxistarkiv.se)

Förnuftets banemän: från Nietzsche till Hitler (pdf). Av Georg Lukács (Arkiv, 1985, 205 s.; online på Marxistarkiv.se)

On the Misery of Left Nietzscheanism, or philosophy as irrationalist ideology (Monthly Review, Vol.75, No.11, April 2024). “Matthew Sharpe discusses Aymeric Monville’s Misère du nietzschéisme de gauche (The Misery of Left Nietzscheanism), an exploration of how Nietzsche’s popularity on the left co-opts truly radical energy in favor of authoritarianism and elitism.”

Nietzsche has been inspiring the Right for over 100 years. By Matt Mcmanus (Jacobin, January 18, 2024). Review of Georg Brandes and Harald Høffding, The Great Debate: 
Nietzsche, Culture, and the Scandinavian Welfare Society. Edited and translated by William Banks (University of Wisconsin Press, 2023, 256 p.). “Over a century ago, Friedrich Nietzsche’s thought sparked a heated debate among Danish intellectuals about society’s moral foundations. The dispute prefigured today’s debates between the Left and the far right, which continues to be inspired by Nietzsche.”

Nietzsche, the Aristocratic rebel. By Matt Sharpe (Marx & Philosophy Review of Books, 4 March 2021). Review of Domenico Losurdo, Nietzsche, the Aristocratic Rebel: Intellectual Biography and Critical Balance-Sheet (Brill, 2019/Haymarket Books, 2020, 1054 p.). “Losurdo’s big book on Nietzsche is the heftiest counterweight against selective, contentiously unpolitical readings of the German philosopher for undergraduate students to encounter, in any course on his thought.”
See also:
Nietzsche in his time: the struggle against Socratism and Socialism. Review by Daniel Tutt (Historical Materialism, 2019).
Video conference: Reaction and Revolution: Responses to Domenico Losurdo’s ‘Nietzsche’ (YouTube.com, 25 August 2021, 1:49 h.).

One hundred years since the death of Friedrich Nietzsche: a review of his ideas and influence, Part 1-3. By Stefan Steinberg (World Socialist Web Site, 20-23 October, 2000). “This, the first of three articles, will briefly review the development of his thought and career. Two further articles will deal with the reception of Nietzsche’s ideas by intellectuals and movements of both the right and the left.”

On the philosophy of the superman (1900) (pdf). By Leon Trotsky (Permanent Revolution, October 30, 2011, 23 p.). “It is perspicuous for its criticism of the social roots of Nietzsche’s thought, helping to underscore its anti-democratic and authoritarian nature, and traces the appeal Nietzsche had for the most rapacious elements of bourgeois society.”

 

14. november 1844

Den franske feminist og utopiske socialist Flora Tristan dør i Bordeuaux (født i Paris 7. april 1803, se denne).

 

21. december 1844

En gruppe arbejdere i Rochdale, Lancashire, England, åbner verdens første brugsforening.

First premises of "The Rochdale Pioneers" early successful retail Co-operative, Rochdale England - now The Toad Lane Museum for Co-oprative. Photo taken 26 April 2009 by Scarletharlot69. (CC BY 3.0).
First premises of “The Rochdale Pioneers” early successful retail Co-operative, Rochdale England – now The Toad Lane Museum for Co-oprative. Photo taken 26 April 2009 by Scarletharlot69. (CC BY 3.0). Source: Wikimedia Commons.

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