President John F. Kennedy motorcade, Dallas, Texas, Friday, November 22, 1963. Also in the presidential limousine are Jackie Kennedy, Texas Governor John Connally and his wife, Nellie. Photo: Victor Hugo King, who placed the photograph in the public domain (presumably when he gave it to the Library of Congress). Source: Wikimedia Commons. See november 22. below.
Socialistisk Biblioteks Tidslinje med links til begivenheder og personer i 1963.
Den græske venstrefløjspolitiker og pacifist Gregoris Lambrakis udsættes i Thessaloniki for trafikattentat fra højrefløjen, dør 27. april.
Det danner grundlag for filmen “Z” af Costa-Gavras, med Yves Montand.
Costa Gavras’s “Z”: an excellent thriller. By Ben Sonnenberg (CounterPunch, October 23-25, 2009). “With an exciting score by Mikis Theodorakis, Costa-Gavras tells a complicated story in a series of very short scenes (few last longer than three minutes).”
Med offentliggørelsen af Kinas Kommunistiske Partis 25 teser om den kommunistiske verdensbevægelses generallinie træder modsætningen i den stalinistiske bevægelse (mellem Sovjetunionens Kommunistiske Parti og Kinas Kommunistiske Parti) åbent frem.
Litteratur:
Et forslag vedrørende den internationale kommunistiske bevægelses generallinie: Brev fra Centralkomiteen for Kinas kommunistiske Parti som svar på … i: Den store polemik Peking-Moskva, bind III (Forlaget Futura, 1976, s.33-72)
China-Russia: The monolith cracks. By Tony Cliff (International Socialism, No.14, Autumn 1963, p.3-16 + 24)
25. juni 1963
For første og hidtil eneste gang benyttes Grundlovens §42. Stk. 1: Når et lovforslag er vedtaget af folketinget, kan en trediedel af folketingets medlemmer begære folkeafstemning om lovforslaget.
I 1963 satte Venstre og De Konservative fire lovforslag, jordlovene, til folkeafstemning.
S-R-regeringens 4 lovforslag fald med ca. 27-30% for og 41-45% imod efter et klassiske eksempel på skrækkampagne: “Hvis De er i tvivl, så stem nej” og plakaten med “den sorte hånd” (se illustrationen)
Se:
Jordslået regering (Danmarkshistorien/Gyldendal og Politikens Danmarkshistorie)
MLK’s story behind “I Have a Dream”. By Gary Younge (Jacobin, January 15, 2024). “Martin Luther King Jr’s ‘I Have a Dream’ speech, like much of MLK’s legacy, is selectively remembered. It attacked the material roots of American racism, just as his anti–Vietnam War speech five years later excoriated American militarism.”
Rustin, the movie, the organizer. By Joel Geir (Against the Current, Issue 228, January-February 2024). “Bayard Rustin was the most talented mass organizer the American left has yet produced. His greatest success was the 1963 March on Washington, a turning point that aided the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 banning segregated public facilities and discrimination in employment.” See also About Rustin (Ibid.).
Martin Luther King’s Dream at 60. By Eric Foner (The Nation, August 28, 2023). “King offered Americans the choice between acting in accordance with the constitution and resistance—often violent—to change. In many ways, we face the same choice today.”
The March on Washington advanced a radical vision for society that remains unfulfilled. By Paul Prescod (Jacobin, August 28, 2023). “Sixty years ago today, hundreds of thousands gathered at the Washington Mall, where they heard Martin Luther King Jr’s ‘I Have a Dream’ speech. Since then, we’ve beaten a retreat from the march’s vision of racial and economic justice.”
You’ve been lied to about the 1963 March on Washington (Jacobin, August 28, 2022). Shawn Gude interviews William P. Jones: “The March on Washington was 59 years ago. It’s popularly remembered as a moderate demonstration where MLK ‘had a dream’ — but in fact, it was the decades-long culmination of a mass, working-class movement against racial and economic injustice.”
A. Philip Randolph’s radical, stirring speech at the 1963 March on Washington (Jacobin, August 28, 2022). “The official head of the August 28, 1963, March on Washington was socialist A. Philip Randolph. In his speech, reprinted here, he called for restructuring society so the “sanctity of private property takes second place to the sanctity of the human personality.”
Revolutionary road, partial victory: The March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. By Paul Le Blanc (Monthly Review, Vol.65, No.4, September 2013). “… the march also set the stage for the opening of a what was perceived as second, far more radical, phase of the civil rights strategy, developed by the March’s organizers.” See also interview (Inside Higher Ed, August 21, 2013) with Paul Le Blanc about his (and Michael D. Yates) book, A Freedom Budget for All Americans (Monthly Review Press, 2013, 272 p.).
‘Ain’t nobody gonna turn us around’: 50 years since the March on Washington (Socialist Worker, Issue 2368, 27 August 2013). “Fifty years ago this week hundreds of thousands of Civil Rights activists marched through Washington in a demonstration that climaxed with Martin Luther King’s ‘I have a dream’ speech. Socialist Worker looks at the protest and its impact.”
Fifty years since the March on Washington. By Fred Mazelis (World Socialist Web Site, 24 August 2013). “The Achilles’ heel of the civil rights movement, and even its most radical and sincere representatives such as King, was its failure to break with the Democratic Party and recognize that the aims of social equality and democratic rights were realizable only in a struggle for socialism.”
What went into the Dream? By Brian Jones (SocialistWorker.org, August 22, 2013). Review of Gary Younge, The Speech: The Story Behind Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s Dream (Haymarket, 2013, 180 p.). “… a book that provides the background to Martin Luther King Jr.’s famous ‘I Have a Dream’ speech–and the lessons for today’s antiracist struggle.”
The marchers who made the Dream. By Elizabeth Schulte (SocialistWorker.org, August 21, 2013). “The 1963 March on Washington is one of the most-remembered events of the civil rights movement–but what you learned in school left out a lot.”
The moment of the March. By Gary Younge (SocialistWorker.org, August 19, 2013). Excerpt from The Speech: The Story Behind Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s Dream (Haymarket, 2013). See also Video (Part 1-3) with Gary Younge, who “situates the ‘I have a dream’ speech in the tumultuous year of 1963” (Wearemany.org). See also excerpt at Jacobin: MLK’s story behind “I Have a Dream” (January 15, 2024).
Taking us to the mountaintop (SocialistWorker.org, April 4, 2013). “Todd Chretien pays tribute to Martin Luther King and his final speech.”
After the March on Washington. By Max Shachtman (Workers Liberty, 28 August 2013). “This speech was made by Max Shachtman soon after the famous March on Washington for civil rights of 28 August 1963, and appeared in New America, the paper of the Socialist Party (USA), on 24 September 1963. It is not the Shachtman of the 1940s and early 50s, but the call for an alliance with the labour movement is interesting and valuable.”
The other America. By Martin Luther King Jr. (SocialistWorker.org, March 14, 2012). “Here, we publish the transcript from this little-known speech from March 14, 1968.”
American Socialists: study the Civil Rights Movement. By Jonah Birch and Paul Heideman (Jacobin, February 12, 2024). “Socialists in the US are more likely to be experts on the Russian Revolution than the American civil rights movement. That’s a mistake: this homegrown revolution is a strategic guidebook for winning social change today.”
Rustin, the movie, the organizer. By Joel Geir (Against the Current, Issue 228, January-February 2024). “Bayard Rustin was the most talented mass organizer the American left has yet produced. His greatest success was the 1963 March on Washington, a turning point that aided the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 banning segregated public facilities and discrimination in employment.” See also About Rustin (Ibid.).
A. Philip Randolph and Bayard Rustin have a model for today. By Benjamin Y. Fong (Jacobin, December 22, 2023). “Bayard Rustin and A. Philip Randolph’s Jobs and Freedom Strategy offers a path forward for a Left that has become increasingly insular, minoritarian, and powerless.” Also online with the title: The jobs and freedom strategy (Catalyst, Vol.7, No.2, Summer 2023).
The Civil Rights Movement was radical to its core (Jacobin, August 28, 2022). An interview with Glenda Gilmore: “Today is the 59th anniversary of the March on Washington, so get ready for plenty of whitewashed history. Here’s the truth: the Civil Rights Movement was a radical struggle against Jim Crow tyranny whose early foot soldiers were Communists and labor militants.”
The Civil Rights Movement was filled to the brim with Leftists (Jacobin, August 28, 2023). Shawn Gude interviews Matthew F. Nichter: “Today is the 60th anniversary of the March on Washington. Ignore the lies and distortions — the reality, as the latest research shows, is that scores of socialists influenced or were themselves key figures in the civil rights movement.” See also Matthew F. Nichter: From the ashes of the old: The old Left and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, 1957–1965 (pdf) (Critical Historical Studies, Vol.10, No.1, Spring 2023, p.1-41).
Organizing that changed Mississippi. By Bill Chandler (Against the Current, Issue 168, January-February 2014). Review of John R. Salter Jr., Jackson, Mississippi: an American Chronicle of Struggle and Schism (University of Nebraska Press, 2011, 272 p.) + Anne Moody, Coming of Age in Mississippi (Bantam Dell, 1968; Delta paperback edition, 2004, 424 p.)
African-American self-defense. By Malik Miah (Against the Current, Issue 174, January-February 2015). Review of Charles E. Cobb Jr., This Nonviolent Stuff’ Get You Killed: How Guns Made the Civil Rights Movement Possible (Basic Books, 2014, 294 p.)
Socialists organized in the 1950s Civil Rights Movement. By Joel Geier (Jacobin, October 2, 2021). “In 1950s America, the Cold War was raging, but socialists were playing key roles in the early civil rights movement. We can’t afford to let that radical history be sanitized.”
Se også på Socialistisk Bibliotek:
Tidslinjen: 15. januar 1929, for generelle links om Martin Luther Kings liv, biografier mv.
Tidslinjen: 4. april 1968, om mordet på Martin Luther King / Links on the murder of King
Første nummer af tidsskriftet Politisk Revy,årg. 1, nr. 1. Ophørte med årg. 24, nr. 506, februar 1987. Med en firesiders A5-afskedsfolder til abonnenterne marts 1987 (nummereret som nr. 507).
Se:
Politisk Revy. Af Bente Hansen og Morten Thing (Leksikon.org)
Litteratur:
Politisk Revy i 20 år: en antologi. Red. af Morten Thing (Tiderne Skifter, 1983, 208 sider).
I venstrefløjens øje: mit liv som fuldtidsaktivist i 60’erne. Af Steen Bille Larsen (Politisk Revy, 2018, 312 sider). Se anmeldelse af Helge Rørtoft-Madsen: En personlig beretning fra 60’erne (Arbejderen.dk, 7. april 2019).
Demonstrationer og buddistiske munkeselvbrændinger i Sydvietnam fører til CIA-støttet kup imod præsident Ngo Dinh Diem, en katolsk adelsmand, der myrdes af egne generaler. Amerikanernes engagement under Diem var vokset på 2 år fra 1.000 til 16.000 mand.
Se:
Vietnamkrigen (1960erne.dk; online på Internet Archive)
New four-part documentary “JFK: Destiny Betrayed” leaves no doubt that JFK was assassinated as part of CIA coup. By John Potash (CovertAction Magazine, July 26, 2022). “Oliver Stone film shows that JFK was trying to reorient U.S. foreign policy in more peaceful direction prior to his murder and that the Warren Commission was a fraud.”
Oliver Stone’s JFK assassination documentary shouldn’t be dismissed. By Branko Marcetic (Jacobin, December 24, 2021). “Oliver Stone’s new JFK assassination documentary struggled to reach US screens, only to meet with media ridicule when it did. But if there’s nothing to see here, why is the government still blocking the release of records 60 years later?”
Oliver Stone talks to Jacobin about JFK’s killing (Jacobin, November 23, 2021). “Oliver Stone sat down with Jacobin to discuss JFK Revisited: Through the Looking Glass, his new documentary that exhaustively makes the case that the national security state, including the CIA and FBI, killed John F. Kennedy — not a lone shooter.”
Remembering JFK. By Louis Proyect (The Unrepentant Marxist, November 22, 2013)
Chronicle of a death foretold. By Joe Allen (SocialistWorker.org, October 30, 2013). Review of Bill Minutaglio and Steven L. Davis, Dallas 1963 (Twelve Books, 2013)
Den anholdte for Kennedy-mordet, Lee Harvey Oswald, myrdes, mens han er i politiets varetægt af Jack Ruby. Ifølge den officielle Warren-rapport var Oswald eneansvarlig for mordet på USA’s præsident John F. Kennedy den 22. november.
Kommunistisk Arbejdskreds (KAK) dannes af udbryder fra DKP, der er kritiske overfor Danmarks Kommunistiske Partis ledelse, som de beskylder for revisionisme og knæfald for Socialdemokratiet. Formålet er ikke at være et selvstændigt parti, men et kritisk debatforum, der vil genrejse DKP, som revolutionært parti. Blandt stifterne er Gotfred Appel, Benito Scocozza og Ulla Houton. Sammen med flere andre DKPere ekskluderes de senere fra DKP.
Fra december 1963 udgives bladet Orientering, først og fremmest med kritiske artikler vendt mod DKPs ledelse.
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