With the Vietminh shelling them from the hazy hills in the distance, the French troops tried to survive in their trenches. 1954. Source: Stanley Karnow: Vietnam: A History, The Viking Press, New York 1983, ISBN 0-670-74604-5 Photo: Unknown. Public Domain. Se 7. maj 1954 nedenfor.
With the Vietminh shelling them from the hazy hills in the distance, the French troops tried to survive in their trenches. 1954. Source: Stanley Karnow: Vietnam: A History, The Viking Press, New York 1983, ISBN 0-670-74604-5 Photo: Unknown. Public Domain. Se 7. maj 1954 nedenfor.

Socialistisk Biblioteks Tidslinje med links til begivenheder og personer i 1954.


Se også Index over personer, organisationer/partier og værker (som bøger, malerier, mm.), steder, begivenheder, mv., der er omtalt på hele Tidslinjen, titler og indhold på emnelisterne osv.

 

Januar 1954

Første nummer af Panbladet udkommer. Verdens ældste homo-tidsskrift.
Udg. af Kredsen af 1948 (1949: Forbundet af 1948; fra 1982: Landsforeningen for Bøsser og Lesbiske, LBL; fra 2010: LGBT Danmark – Landsforeningen for bøsser, lesbiske, biseksuelle og transpersoner).

Indstillet i trykt form med nr. 9, 8. september 2007. (Endnu ikke digital form online. Marts 2018).

Det første nummer af medlemsbladet “Vennen” fra Forbundet af 1948 udkommer i 1949 (her et nummer fra 1955). Kilde: http://spring-ud.dk/2017/12/26/historisk-tidslinje/
Det første nummer af medlemsbladet “Vennen” fra Forbundet af 1948 udkommer i 1949 (her et nummer fra 1955). Kilde: http://spring-ud.dk/2017/12/26/historisk-tidslinje/

Se:

Panbladet (Denstoredanske.dk)

LGBT Danmark. (Site)

LGBT historie i Danmark. Tidstavle på årtier + liste over forpersoner.

1954pan.jpg


 

25. januar 1954

Den indiske socialistiske nationalist og medstifter af det indiske kommunistparti M.N Roy dør i Dehradun i Nordindien, (født nær Calcutta/Kolkata 21. marts 1887, se denne)


 

14. marts 1954

Herbert Bibermans strejkefilm Salt of the Earth vises i Grande Theatre i New York. Påtænkte premiere i Chicago 28. maj bliver aflyst, og filmen vises først igen i USA i 1965. Instruktøren var én af de sortlistede ‘Hollywood Ten’, der blev idømt fængselsstraffe for at nægte at besvare spørgsmål fra House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) i oktober 1947.

Se:

Salt of the Earth (Wikipedia.org)

Se på Socialistisk Bibliotek:

Linkbox: Filmen ’Jordens Salt’ / Salt of the Earth


 

April 1954

Den arabiske nationalist Nasser kommer til magten i Ægypten.

Se på Socialistisk Bibliotek:

Tidslinjen: 15. januar 1918


 

Maj 1954

Den russiske forfatter Ilja Ehrenburgs roman Tøbrud udgives i Rusland i maj-nummeret af tidsskriftet Znamja, hæfte nr. 5, 1954. (Dansk udg.: Berlingske Forlag, 1954). Perioden umiddelbart efter Stalins død (marts 1953) får navn efter romanen: Tøbrudsperioden.

Se:

A summary of The Thaw by Ilya Ehrenburg (1956). (SovLit.com). (At the buttom link to. Biography of Ilya Ehrenburg

Se også på Socialistisk Bibliotek:

Tidslinjen: 27. januar 1891, om Ilja Ehrenburg


 

7. maj 1954

Fransk imperialismes afgørende fæstning i Vietnam, Dien Bien Phu, falder for den nationale befrielsesbevægelse.

Captured French soldiers, escorted by Vietnamese troops, walk to a prisoner-of-war camp in Dien Bien Phu. Source http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/vietnam-celebrates-60th-anniversary-battle-dien-bien-phu-victory-1447556 PHoto: Stringer, AFP. Public Domain.
Captured French soldiers, escorted by Vietnamese troops, walk to a prisoner-of-war camp in Dien Bien Phu. Source http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/vietnam-celebrates-60th-anniversary-battle-dien-bien-phu-victory-1447556 PHoto: Stringer, AFP. Public Domain.

Se:

Victory in Battle of Dien Bien Phu. 1954. Source: Vietnam People's Army museum. Photo: Vietnam People's Army, First publish in 1954. Public Domain.
Victory in Battle of Dien Bien Phu. 1954. Source: Vietnam People’s Army museum. Photo: Vietnam People’s Army, First publish in 1954. Public Domain.

Litteratur:

Vo Nguyen Giap: Dien Bien Phu (Demos, 1972, 68 sider)

Se også på Socialistisk Bibliotek:


 

24. maj 1954

Fotografen Robert Capa dræbes af landmine ved i Thai Binh, Vietnam (født 22. oktober 1913).
Han fotograferede D-dagen (Omaha Beach) i 1944, i den spanske borgerkrig (den faldende republikanske militssoldat), fotos af Picasso, Hemingway og Matisse. Hans første opgave var Trotskijs tale i Idrætshuset, København 27. november 1932. Medstifter af fotogruppen Magnum.

Photographer Robert Capa during the Spanish civil war, May 1937. Photo by Gerda Taro. (1910–1937) Public Domain.
Photographer Robert Capa during the Spanish civil war, May 1937. Photo by Gerda Taro. (1910–1937) Public Domain. Source: Wikimedia Commons.

Danske:

Robert Capa: krigens mesterfortograf (Historienet.dk). Kort biografi med “bedste billeder”.

Robert Capa – Historiens Ansigter (KunstOnline.dk). Biografi til udstilling på Arbejdermuseet, 2006.

Robert Capa (Wikipedia.dk). Dansksproget med links.

Bøger:

Blod og champagne: Robert Capas liv og levned. Af Alex Kershaw (Lindhardt og Ringhof, 2002, 336 sider).

In English:

Robert Capa (Wikipedia.org).

Robert Capa (Spartacus Educational)

Robert Capa (Magnum Photos). Images + Profile.

Face to face with the Spanish Revolution: A rare exhibition of photographs by Robert Capa. By Vicky Short (World Socialist Web Site, 1 April 1999).

Proving that Robert Capa’s ‘Falling Soldier’ is genuine: A detectice story. Feature essay by Richard Whelan (Pbs.org/American Masters, May 28, 2006). “It is time to let both Capa and Borrell rest in peace, and to acclaim The Falling Soldier once again as an unquestioned masterpiece of photojournalism and as perhaps the greatest war photograph ever made.”

Robert Capa’s Hope: Capturing the good fight. By Susie Linfield (Boston Review). Review of Richard Whelan, Robert Capa: The Definitive Collection (Phaidon Press, 2004, 572 p). “The photographer wanted to show what freedom, and the people who made it, looked like.”

Se også/See also:

Den mexicanske kufferts spanske hemmeligheder. Af Kenn Schoop (SFAH, maj 2018). “Krigsfotografen Robert Capas forsvundne fotos fra Den spanske Borgerkrig udstilles i Malmø.”

The woman who was Robert Capa. By Lars Mensel (Medium.com, January 8, 2018). “Gerda Taro didn’t just help invent one of the world’s most famous photographers. Briefly, she was him.”

Se også på Socialistisk Bibliotek:


 

29. maj 1954

Bilderberggruppen afholde sin første konference på Bilderberg-hotellet nær Arnhem i Holland.

Links:

Forsker: Bilderberg-konferencen er en konspiration. Af Martin Parker (Videnskab.dk, 13. juni 2016)

Bilderberg – en elitær og udemokratisk supermagt er i byen. Af Dino Knudsen, Christoph Houman Ellersgaard og Anton Grau Larsen (Kronik i Politiken, 29. maj 2014)

Bilderberg er ren indpakning. Af Thomas Hoffmann (Videnskab.dk, 29. maj 2014/12. april 2011). Interview med Ingeborg Philipsen.

Anders Eldrup: Sådan er Bilderberg i dag. Af Thomas Hoffmann (Videnskab.dk, 15. marts 2012)

De mægtiges diskussionsklub. Af Rasmus Bang Petersen (Information.dk, 9. juni 2006)

Se også:

International Bilderberg-protest flopper i København. Af Rune Eltard-Sørensen (Modkraft.dk, 31. maj 2014)

Konspirationsteori og selvstændig tænkning. Af Magnus Falko (Modkraft.dk/Kontradoxa, 28. maj 2014)

Afdækning af Bilderberg-protester udløser nye konspirationsteorier. Af Rune Eltard-Sørensen (Modkraft.dk, 9. april 2014)

Konspirationsteoretikere har forbindelse til Scientology. Af Rune Eltard-Sørensen (Modkraft.dk, 8. april 2014)

De globale elitenetværk (og os andre) – mellem konspiration, indflydelse og demokrati. Af Dino Knudsen (Modkraft.dk/Kontradoxa, 10. april 2014). Om Den Trilaterale Kommission.

Bag verdenshistoriens lukkede døre. Af Dino Knudsen (Kronik i Politiken, 30. december 2013). Om Den Trilaterale Kommission.


 

29.-30. maj 1954

Konference i Odense grundlægger Dansk Fredskonference.

Se:


 

1. juni 1954

Forfatteren Martin Andersen Nexø  (født 26. juni 1869 i København).

Se på Socialistisk Bibliotek:

Personlisten: Martin Andersen Nexø, med links til biografier, litterære artikler og værker (bøger og film).

Indskannede tekster: Med Martin Andersen Nexø på sovjetisk forfatterkongres (oprindelig bragt i Land & Folk, 25.-26. august 1984). Børge Houmanns beretning om Martin Andersens Nexøs aktive deltagelse på de sovjetiske forfatteres første kongres i 1934.


21. juni 1954

Genéveaftalerne om Vietnam underskrives.

Se:

Geneva Conference (1954) (Wikipedia.org).

Se også:

Vietnamkrigen (Leksikon.org)


 

16.-28. juni 1954

Et USA-ledet kup i Guatemala vælter landets første demokratisk valgte regering, præsident Jacobo Arbenz.

Se:

1954 Guatemalan coup d’état: Operation PBSUCCESS (Wikipedia)

CIA and Assassinations: The Guatemala 1954 Documents. By Kate Doyle and Peter Kornbluh (The National Security Archive).

Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán (Wikipedia)


 

13. juli 1954

Den mexicanske maler Frida Kahlo dør i Coyoacán, Mexico City, Mexico (født 6. juni 1907, se denne for links).


 

21. juli 1954

På forlaget Allen & Unwin (London) får forfatteren J.R.R. Tolkien (3. januar 1892 – 2. september 1973) udgivet værket Ringens Herre, som er skrevet 1936-1949, fantasy-genrens mest udbredte og indflydelsesrige værk.
Bl.a. filmatiseret af instruktøren Peter Jackson i tre lange film, 2001-03. (Se søgeresultat på Internet Movie Database (IMDb).

A frequent guest at Gregans Castle in the 1950s was J.R.R. Tolkien who was inspired by the Burren landscape. Photo: Simongregans. (CC BY-SA 4.0)
A frequent guest at Gregans Castle in the 1950s was J.R.R. Tolkien who was inspired by the Burren landscape. Photo: Simongregans. (CC BY-SA 4.0). Source: Wikimedia Commons.

Dansk:

In English:

Tolkien’s deplorable cultus. By Robert T. Tally Jr. (Spectre, August 20, 2024). “Right-wing hobbit enthusiasts and the urgency of Marxist critism in fantasy.”

Their Tolkien and ours (Weekly Worker, Issue1471, 14 December 2023). “Neo-fascist interpretations of JRR Tolkien’s works are resurgent – and understandable. But can the left make room in its culture for hobbits? Paul Demarty revisits The lord of the rings.”

A Marxist view of Tolkien’s Middle Earth. By John Molyneux (Jacobin, January 11, 2023). “J.R.R. Tolkien’s fantasy world is a medieval utopia with poverty and oppression airbrushed out of the picture. But Tolkien’s work also contains a romantic critique of industrial capitalism that is an important part of its vast popular appeal.”
See also John Molyneux’ longer analysis: Tolkien’s world – a Marxist analysis (John Molyneux’ blog, September 22, 2011).

The Return of the King. Review by David Jackson (Socialist Democracy, 30 April 2004). “Some critics on the left say that the Lord of the Rings is a profoundly reactionary piece of work. My own reading leads me to believe this viewpoint is mistaken.”

Tolkien’s magic diminished. Review by Margaret Rees (World Socialist Web Site, 23 January 2004). “Tolkien’s yearning for a non-existent romanticised past was fuelled by his hope for a return to the certainties of old.”

Tolkien and the flight from modern life. Review by Margaret Rees (World Socialist Web Site, 21 March 2002). “All of The Lord of the Rings is an elegy for the past, suffused with longing for the return to a better time, a golden age from which history is moving ever further away.”

The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug: The filmmakers waste considerable talent and skill. Review by Christine Schofelt (World Socialist Web Site, 17 December 2013). “Tolkien’s outlook involved a yearning to go back to a pre-industrial utopia. His ideas of good and evil were heavily influenced by his own experiences in the First World War, and he turned those experiences into an engaging body of work with enduring appeal.”

The Hobbit: An unexpected journey – not so unexpected as all that. Review by Christine Schofelt (World Socialist Web Site, 27 December 2012)

Tolkien: Middle earth meets middle England (Socialist Review, Issue 259, January 2002; online at Internet Archive). “Fantasy writer China Miéville looks at the ideas and work of JRR Tolkien author of The Lord of the Rings.”

Tolkien’s ‘feudal socialism’. By John Nebauer (Green Left Weekly, Issue 475, 12 December 2001). “Tolkien was a conservative Catholic, and his conservatism is a strong thread within Lord of the Rings. Women are virtually absent as central characters, a reflection of the nearly all-male society of English academia between the wars. He was extremely conservative in social outlook, with an almost feudal belief in respect for one’s ‘superiors’.”

Se også:

Epic Pooh (pdf). By Michael Moorcock (Revolution Science Fiction, 1989/revised). “Epic fantasy from its origins in romance poetry to the present day.”

Fantasy and revolution (International Socialism, Issue 88, Autumn 2000). “China Miévillediscussed his ideas on fantasy with John Newsinger at Marxism 2000.”

 


Ole Sohn fotograferet ved Bogforum november 2006
Ole Sohn fotograferet ved Bogforum november 2006. Kilde: Wikimedia Commons.

12.september 1954

Den senere formand for DKP, Ole Sohn bliver født i Torsted i Horsens. Formand fo SiD/3F i Horsens 1977-1987 og for DKP 1987-1991. Derefter medlem af SF og Folketinget, minister i Thorning-regeringen 2011-2012, og ved SFs udgang af regeringen i i 2014, medlem af Socialdemokratiet.
Omfattende biografisk/dokumentarisk forfatterskab, debut i 1992 med bogen om kommunisten Arne Munch-Petersens skæbne: Fra Folketinget til celle 290 – se Tidslinjen 12. november 1940. I 1993 om hustruen Elna Hjort Lorentzen: Et liv i kamp og kærlighed. Også udgivervirksomhed gennem Forlaget Sohn (2004-2013).

Links:

Se også på Socialistisk Bibliotek:

Se også:

Elna Hiort Lorenzen (Dansk kvindebiografisk Leksikon).

Den højeste straf (Det Danske Filminstitut). Grundoplysninger til Tomas Gislasons dokumentarfilm (2000) om Ole Sohns arbejde med sagen om Arne Munch-Petersens skæbne.


 

22. september 1954

5 uger lang Philips-strejke.

Se:

22. september 1954 – Philips-strejken: Samtlige 500 arbejdere på Philips-fabrikken i København nedlægger arbejdet i protest mod firmaets krav om tidsstudier, rationaliseringer og øget arbejdstempo (Dagbladet Arbejderen, 20.9.2003). Kort intro.

Philipsstrejken 1954. Af Klaus Erik Hamann Hansen (Leksikon.org).

Philipsstrejken (pdf). Af Klaus Erik Hamann Hansen (Arbejderhistorie, nr.3, 1996, s.1-13).


 

1. november 1954

Den 7½ års lange uafhængighedskrig i Algeriet mod fransk kolonialisme starter.

Se:

Kampen om Algeriet. Af Lars Borking (Dansk-Algerisk Venskabsforening, 2012, 78 sider).
Se anmeldelser:
Algeriets venner. Af Åge Skovrind (Socialistisk Information, 5. juni 2012)
Fin bog om den algeriske befrielseskamp. Af Bjarne Nielsen (Arbejderen.dk, 5. juli 2012).
Uddrag fra bogen, interview med forfatteren mv., Dansk-Algerisk Venskabsforening + uddrag på Modkraft.dk/Kontradoxa: Den trotskistiske forbindelse (5. juli 2012).

Algierkrig og apartheid. Kap. 3 i Karen Steller Bjerregaard: ”Et undertrykt folk har altid ret”: Solidaritet med den 3. verden i 1960’ernes og 1970’ernes Danmark (pdf) (Ph.d.-afhandling ved Institut for kultur og identitet, RUC 2010, 499 sider). Scroll ned til side 99-142.

50 år efter: Krigen om Algeriet er ikke forbi. Af Sylvain Pattieu (Socialistisk Information, nr.191, november 2004; online på Internet Archive). Interview med den franske Algeriet-kender Benjamin Stora.

Befrielsekriget i Algeriet, kort historik (pdf). Av Ian Birchall (Marxistarkiv.se, 2012, 5 sider). Oversættelse fra Revolutionary History (Vol.10, No.4, 2012, p.9-14). Med link til tre svenske bøger online om Algier-krigen.

Brödernas kamrater (pdf). Av Sylvain Pattieu (Marxistarkiv.se, 2012, 64 sider). Oversættelse fra Revolutionary History (Vol.10, No.4, 2012, p.15-97: European Revolutionaries and Algerian Independence 1954-1962).

France’s failed attempt to saveiIts empire. By Charlie Taylor (Jacobin, October 14, 2024). Review of Terrence Peterson’s Revolutionary Warfare: How the Algerian War Made Modern Counterinsurgency (Cornell University Press, 2024, 240 p.). “In the 1950s, France engaged in an ambitious effort to modernize its empire by embracing local customs and promoting limited home rule. [The book] outlines this failed attempt to create a modern ideology for colonialism.”

The revolutionary life and times of Michel Pablo. By Alex de Jong (Jacobin, March 23, 2024). Review of Hall Greenland, The Well-Dressed Revolutionary: The Odyssey of Michel Pablo in the Age of Uprisings (Resistance Books/IIRE, 2023, 380 p.). “The Greek revolutionary Michel Pablo had a remarkable, globe-spanning career, from wartime resistance activity to his work supplying weapons and finance for the Algerian independence struggle.”

How French imperialism was defeated in Algeria. By Thomas D. (In Defense of Marxism, 29 September 2023). “This article, marking 60 years since the end of the Algerian war of national liberation, appeared in Révolution, the paper of the French section of the International Marxist Tendency, in March 2022.”

The Algerian Revolution changed the world for the better. By Robert Maisey (Jacobin, April 9, 2021). “The Algerian struggle for freedom from French imperialism was absolutely central to the political landscape of the twentieth century. We should remember its heroic history and honor its legacy today.”

Algeria’s fights for freedom. By Alistair Farrow (Socialist Worker, Issue 2651, 21 April 2019). “Algerians had to fight a brutal war for independence. But the struggle for freedom didn’t end when the nationalists kicked out the French in 1962.”

New chapter in human liberation. By Andrew Coates (Weekly Worker, Issue 931, September 27, 2012). Review of Ian Birchall (ed.): European revolutionaries and Algerian independence 1954-1962 (Revolutionary History, Vol.10, No.4, 2012)

How the French left betrayed Algeria’s struggle. By Peter Arkell (A World to Win, 20 September 2012). Review of Matin Evans, Algeria: France’s Undeclared War (Oxford University Press, 2011). See also review by Manny Thain: The struggle for Algerian independence (Socialism Today, Issue 162, October 2012)

Algeria’s bitter struggle for freedom (Socialist Review, Issue 371, July 2012). “Fifty years since Algerian independence Ian Birchall looks at the uprising that forced the French to leave.”

Recalling Algeria’s victory (Socialist Worker, Issue 2310, 7 July 2012). “Leo Zeilig interviews veterans of the Algerian independence struggle struggle.”

Algeria: torture last time (Socialist Review, Issue 322, February 2008). “When Algerian journalist Henri Alleg published his account of being tortured at the hands of the French colonial regime it became an instant bestseller. Ian Birchall tells us why the book is still as relevant today …”

Path of greatest resistance. By Ian Birchall (Socialist Review, Issue 290, November 2004). “Bush and Blair’s denunciation of Iraqi insurgents as ‘criminals’ and ‘terrorists’ recalls the experience of the French Resistance and the Algerian war of independence.”

Their struggle belongs to the world. By Tom Hickey (Socialist Review, Issue 288, September 2004). “From June 1956 to October 1957 the Algerian liberation struggle was fought in the capital, Algiers. Tom Hickey looks at the history and its representation in The Battle of Algiers.”

Alain Krivine and Algeria (2004) (Marxists Intenet Archive). “Alain Krivine … was sent to the World Youth Conference in Moscow in 1957, where he met with representatives of the Algerian FLN. This meeting was to be the turning point in his political life.”

Algeria and the defeat of French humanism (2002). By James Heartfield (Marxists Internet Archive). “Both left and right had failed to recognise the Algerian claims to independence.”

Torture in the Algerian war (1954-62). By Marianne Arens and Francoise Thull (World Socialist Web Site, 9 April 2001). “The role of the French army – then and now.”

Mutiny by French troops during the Algerian war (Socialist Worker, Issue 2002, 27 May 2006). “Martin Evans writes on the forgotten rebellion by French conscripts 50 years ago.”

Colonial revolution. By André Giacometti (International Socialism, No.6, Autumn 1961). Review of Joan Gillespie, Algeria: Rebellion and Revolution (Ernest Benn, 1960). ” It is not an uncommitted book: the writer is clearly sympathetic with the Algerian nationalists. The difference is in the aim of the book: its primary purpose is not to plead a case, but to analyze the background of the conflict, and to describe the social forces involved.”

Litteratur:

Kampen om Algeriet. Af Lars Borking (Dansk-Algerisk Venskabsforening, 2012, 78 sider).
Se anmeldelser:
Algeriets venner. Af Åge Skovrind (Socialistisk Information, 5. juni 2012)
Fin bog om den algeriske befrielseskamp. Af Bjarne Nielsen (Arbejderen.dk, 5. juli 2012).
Se uddrag fra bogen, interview med forfatteren mv., Dansk-Algerisk Venskabsforening + uddrag på Modkraft.dk/Kontradoxa: Den trotskistiske forbindelse (5. juli 2012).

Dokumentar-film

In Monsourh You Seprated Us. Regi: Dorothee Myruam Kellou (2019, 71 min.). Arabic / English subtitles. Om de ca. 2½ mio, der blev fordrevet og samlet i ‘koncentrationscentre’/udrensede landsbyer af franskmændene under kolonikrigen. Se
Trailer (Youtube.com, 5 min.). Arabisk tale, franske undertekster.

Se også på Socialistisk Bibliotek: